The Rulings of Qasamah (Oaths of Accusation) in the Maliki School and Their Applications in Libyan Criminal Law and Customary Law (Ahkam al-Qasamah fi al-Madhhab al-Maliki wa Tatbiqiha fi al-Qانون al-Jina’i wa al-’Urf al-Libi). م.ش.ق. 2021;7(1):262_332. Accessed November 8, 2026. https://journals.ius.edu.ly/index.php/sharia-law-journal/article/view/556